How does the term "law of armed conflict" apply to mortar usage?

The term "law of armed conflict" is fundamentally concerned with the legal principles that govern the conduct of armed hostilities, aiming to protect those who are not participating in the conflict, namely civilians, and to limit the means and methods of warfare.

In the context of mortar usage, this principle outlines the legal framework within which all military operations, including the deployment and employment of mortars, must be carried out. This includes adherence to the principles of distinction, proportionality, and necessity, which require that all military actions discriminate between combatants and non-combatants, ensure that harm to civilians is minimized, and that any military advantage gained is proportional to harm caused.

While the use of specific ammunition types and rules of engagement are relevant to the application of the law of armed conflict, they fall under broader legal constraints and responsibilities set forth by this body of law. These constraints ensure that military personnel operate within the legal bounds established by international treaties and customary international law, which is essential for any operations involving weapon systems, including mortars.

This clear legal framework helps maintain accountability and adherence to humanitarian principles during armed conflict, directly affecting how mortars are employed on the battlefield.