What does the "mortar" refer to in military terms?

In military terminology, "mortar" specifically refers to a type of indirect fire weapon. Mortars are designed to launch explosive projectiles at high angles, allowing them to hit targets that are often out of the line of sight. This capability to deliver fire from a concealed position or behind cover is a defining characteristic of indirect fire weapons. Mortars are typically used for support roles in combat scenarios, providing artillery support to troops on the ground by targeting enemy positions, fortifications, or troop concentrations with precision.

The distinction between direct and indirect fire is crucial; direct fire weapons engage targets with a line-of-sight aiming method, while indirect fire weapons, such as mortars, operate by launching projectiles in an arcing trajectory. This allows the mortar to strike targets hidden behind obstacles or terrain features. Understanding the role and function of mortars is essential for comprehending their integration into military tactics and operations.