What factor is critical in determining the trajectory of mortar rounds?

The elevation angle is a critical factor in determining the trajectory of mortar rounds because it directly affects the arc of the projectile's flight. When a mortar is fired at a specific elevation angle, it impacts the range and height that the mortar round will achieve before it descends toward the target.

A steeper elevation angle generally results in a higher trajectory, allowing the round to reach targets that may be positioned behind obstacles or require a specific elevation to land accurately. Conversely, a shallower angle will yield a flatter trajectory, suitable for engaging targets at different distances and terrains.

By precisely adjusting the elevation angle, mortar crews can fine-tune their fire for greater accuracy based on the target's distance and elevation, making it an essential variable in mortar employment tactics.